Environmental Science and Sustainability: Core Concepts, Ecosystems, and Resource Management

This book offers a comprehensive exploration of the foundational concepts and evolving dimensions of environmental studies. It begins with essential definitions and the structure of environmental systems in Chapters 1–2, establishing a clear understanding of the relationship between humans and their natural surroundings, the role of technology, environmental degradation, and sustainable resource management.

Chapters 3–4 provide detailed insights into energy resources—both conventional and renewable—and introduce readers to core ecological principles and ecosystem dynamics, including biotic and abiotic interactions, types of ecosystems, and their structural and functional significance.

In Chapters 5–6, the focus shifts toward the mechanisms that sustain life on Earth, such as biogeochemical cycles, food chains and webs, and the flow of energy through ecological systems. These chapters emphasize the delicate balance of nature and the consequences of disturbing these cycles.

Structured in alignment with undergraduate environmental science curricula, this book adopts a multidisciplinary approach that integrates principles from the natural sciences, social sciences, and policy frameworks. Real-world examples, data-driven discussions, and illustrative diagrams are used throughout to enhance comprehension and relevance.

A central theme of this book is sustainability—how individuals, communities, and institutions can contribute to preserving natural resources, mitigating environmental challenges, and fostering ecological resilience. By combining scientific knowledge with actionable insights, this book aims to empower readers to become informed stewards of the environment.

We trust that this book will serve as a valuable academic and practical resource and inspire readers to actively participate in creating a sustainable future.